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It was ordered by Abderraman III. The main aims of its construction were to protect its governors and subjects, during the continuous conflicts in the emirates, as well as dominate the passage of the bridge over the Guadiana River.
The Alcazaba´ s perimeter is approximately 550 meters. Its walls are 2.70 meters thick and 10 meters height, and most of them were built with granite ashlars from the former Roman and Visigothic constructions and its structure was filled with soil, stones and mortar. Twenty five square towers are adjacent to the building and they are also useful as buttresses.
The main entrance to the place is flanked by two towers and two gates in which predominate the horseshoe arches.
Inside, its cistern that supplied water has survived. We should highlight the double staircase that goes down to the water tank.
The Conventual Santiaguista is adjacent to the wall on its Northern side. It was built by the Knights of that Order in 1230 and there they installed de Casa de la Orden y Encomienda.
The group has been recently restored and nowadays it is used as headquarters of the Presidency of the Regional Government of Extremadura.
Built: IX Century
Author: Abd al-Rahman II
Style: Several styles
Category: Civil
Type: Alcazaba
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This house is known as “Casa del Mitreo” (House of the Mitraeum) due to its relation with the remains that found in the Bullring and are related to the worship to Mitra. It is located on the Southern slope of the hill San Albín and was built with masonry and with ashlars in the corners. The house has three courtyards, rooms for its inhabitants, commercial or industrial rooms, gardens and springs.
The rest of the rooms are distributed around the peristyles or courtyards with portico with interior garden. They are decorated with mosaics and murals of great quality, such as the Cosmologic Mosaic which represent the allegory to the natural elements (Sky, Earth and Sea) and the figure of Aion (eternity) dominates it.
The building was built over Roman ruins that can be contemplated and from there, by a subway, you can access to the theatre and the amphitheatre.
It has an excellent collection of artistic material from Roman times: constructive elements, sculptures, paintings, mosaics, numismatics, dishes, etc. It includes a great part of the Visigothic collection of the town.
It is a first order tourist and information place, in which conferences, congresses, courses, exhibitions and other activities of national and international range take place.
The amphitheatre is located close to the Theatre and both are joined by a short passage. This building has been built in the centre of a knoll, in the slopes of the hill San Albín. It has an elliptical form, with the arena in Latin cross plan and it could hold up to 14, 000 people.
The structure of the building is built with cement, masonry and granite. It has 16 gates, two stalls and two boxes located in the axis of the ellipse. It is completely uncovered and delimited by the ellipse of the arena, the cavea (divided into ima, media and summa cavea), the entrances, the staircases and the rest of the supplementary areas, without forgetting the cross- shape pit located in the centre and where the wild animals went out. The gladiators´ fights took place here.
I was reformed in times of the Flavian Dynasty or perhaps in Trajan times.
This bridge was built in times of the Roman Emperor Augusto. The bridge is located over the river Guadiana. It was the meeting point of the Roman paved roads of the Southwest. The bridge was the first work really practical, and was strategically built with the aim of protecting the colony as well as the Eastern part of the peninsula.
The bridge is built with a cement nucleus that is covered by granite ashlars. It consists of 60 arches and has a length of 792 meters, being one of the largest and most important bridges of the Empire. It was originally divided into two parts. The original pillars have rounded cutwater in order to lighten the water preassure.
The bridge suffered several reforms after the deterioration caused by the swollen of the river and the different wars.
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